In this article we are going to talk about List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP and its impact on modern society. List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP is a topic of great relevance today and has generated constant debate in various spheres. Since its appearance, List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP has sparked the interest of experts and fans alike, generating endless opinions and theories that seek to give it meaning and understanding. Over the years, List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP has been the subject of studies, research and analysis that seek to decipher its true meaning and the implications it has on everyday life. In this article we will explore different perspectives on List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP and its role in the contemporary world, analyzing its many facets and how it has shaped the reality in which we live.
This article lists countries alphabetically, with total government expenditure as percentage of Gross domestic product (GDP) for the listed countries. Also stated is the government revenue and net lending/borrowing of the government as percentage of GDP. All Data is based on the World Economic Outlook Databook of the International Monetary Fund.
The figures here are represented as a percentage of annual gross domestic product for the year 2022.
Country | Government expenditure (% of GDP) |
Government revenue (% of GDP) |
Net lending/borrowing (% of GDP) |
---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan (2020) | 29.508 | 27.049 | -2.460 |
Albania | 31.390 | 27.618 | -3.772 |
Algeria | 31.223 | 33.377 | 2.154 |
Andorra | 35.971 | 37.142 | 1.171 |
Angola | 21.807 | 23.402 | 1.595 |
Antigua and Barbuda | 22.465 | 21.192 | -1.273 |
Argentina | 37.247 | 33.370 | -3.877 |
Armenia | 26.393 | 24.281 | -2.112 |
Aruba | 22.791 | 21.425 | -1.366 |
Australia | 38.431 | 35.129 | -3.302 |
Austria | 52.387 | 49.081 | -3.306 |
Azerbaijan | 29.464 | 35.563 | 6.100 |
Bahamas | 27.064 | 21.228 | -5.836 |
Bahrain | 29.115 | 23.467 | -5.649 |
Bangladesh | 12.586 | 8.738 | -3.848 |
Barbados | 31.242 | 29.058 | -2.184 |
Belarus | 36.822 | 31.961 | -4.861 |
Belgium | 53.670 | 49.350 | -4.321 |
Belize | 22.855 | 22.097 | -0.758 |
Benin | 19.510 | 13.925 | -5.585 |
Bhutan | 34.835 | 27.289 | -7.547 |
Bolivia | 36.309 | 29.005 | -7.304 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 37.755 | 39.581 | 1.826 |
Botswana | 31.842 | 29.848 | -1.994 |
Brazil | 43.322 | 38.747 | -4.575 |
Brunei Darussalam | 25.034 | 25.301 | 0.267 |
Bulgaria | 38.242 | 37.428 | -0.815 |
Burkina Faso | 31.338 | 20.953 | -10.385 |
Burundi | 38.994 | 26.847 | -12.147 |
Cabo Verde | 28.161 | 23.699 | -4.462 |
Cambodia | 26.241 | 22.141 | -4.100 |
Cameroon | 17.960 | 16.119 | -1.842 |
Canada | 41.476 | 40.776 | -0.700 |
Central African Republic | 17.916 | 12.342 | -5.574 |
Chad | 16.593 | 21.738 | 5.145 |
Chile | 26.557 | 27.891 | 1.334 |
China | 33.081 | 25.537 | -7.544 |
Colombia | 34.238 | 27.562 | -6.675 |
Comoros | 17.632 | 13.926 | -3.706 |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 18.757 | 17.186 | -1.570 |
Republic of Congo | 24.715 | 31.341 | 6.626 |
Costa Rica | 19.349 | 16.587 | -2.763 |
Côte d'Ivoire | 21.446 | 14.720 | -6.726 |
Croatia | 45.686 | 44.743 | -0.943 |
Cyprus | 39.859 | 42.118 | 2.259 |
Czech Republic | 44.842 | 41.249 | -3.593 |
Denmark | 49.189 | 51.667 | 2.478 |
Djibouti | 19.686 | 18.564 | -1.122 |
Dominica | 50.466 | 44.244 | -6.222 |
Dominican Republic | 18.791 | 15.451 | -3.340 |
Ecuador | 36.049 | 36.123 | 0.074 |
Egypt | 24.701 | 18.922 | -5.779 |
El Salvador | 28.996 | 26.489 | -2.507 |
Equatorial Guinea | 12.309 | 17.004 | 4.695 |
Eritrea | 37.948 | 36.695 | -1.253 |
Estonia | 40.186 | 39.032 | -1.154 |
Eswatini | 30.967 | 25.283 | -5.683 |
Ethiopia | 12.696 | 8.538 | -4.158 |
Fiji | 34.127 | 21.774 | -12.353 |
Finland | 54.050 | 52.186 | -1.864 |
France | 58.468 | 53.617 | -4.852 |
Gabon | 15.604 | 17.426 | 1.822 |
Gambia | 21.649 | 16.835 | -4.814 |
Georgia | 29.469 | 26.870 | -2.600 |
Germany | 49.704 | 47.084 | -2.620 |
Ghana | 25.557 | 15.630 | -9.927 |
Greece | 55.529 | 51.530 | -3.999 |
Grenada | 32.823 | 33.778 | 0.955 |
Guatemala | 14.570 | 12.837 | -1.732 |
Guinea | 13.830 | 13.097 | -0.732 |
Guinea-Bissau | 21.545 | 16.043 | -5.502 |
Guyana | 20.561 | 15.373 | -5.188 |
Haiti | 10.165 | 8.011 | -2.154 |
Honduras | 24.448 | 25.112 | 0.664 |
Hong Kong | 28.083 | 20.944 | -7.138 |
Hungary | 49.977 | 43.893 | -6.085 |
Iceland | 46.092 | 41.797 | -4.295 |
India | 28.795 | 19.201 | -9.595 |
Indonesia | 17.540 | 15.199 | -2.341 |
Iran | 12.291 | 8.266 | -4.025 |
Iraq | 35.029 | 41.425 | 6.396 |
Ireland | 22.111 | 23.312 | 1.201 |
Israel | 36.878 | 37.012 | 0.134 |
Italy | 56.825 | 48.788 | -8.037 |
Jamaica | 29.083 | 29.373 | 0.290 |
Japan | 44.012 | 36.192 | -7.820 |
Jordan | 33.064 | 26.135 | -6.929 |
Kazakhstan | 21.693 | 21.784 | 0.091 |
Kenya | 23.489 | 17.444 | -6.045 |
Kiribati | 111.193 | 91.362 | -19.831 |
South Korea | 27.899 | 26.975 | -0.924 |
Kosovo | 28.400 | 27.845 | -0.555 |
Kuwait | 40.675 | 52.243 | 11.568 |
Kyrgyz Republic | 39.875 | 38.526 | -1.349 |
Laos | 16.530 | 14.898 | -1.632 |
Latvia | 39.246 | 35.625 | -3.621 |
Lebanon (2020) | 16.028 | 19.552 | -3.525 |
Lesotho | 47.835 | 44.461 | -3.374 |
Liberia | 29.877 | 22.944 | -6.934 |
Libya | 60.361 | 63.445 | 3.084 |
Lithuania | 36.591 | 35.751 | -0.840 |
Luxembourg | 43.328 | 43.086 | -0.242 |
Macao | 60.949 | 25.004 | -35.945 |
Madagascar | 20.334 | 13.570 | -6.764 |
Malawi | 24.390 | 14.031 | -10.359 |
Malaysia | 24.271 | 18.970 | -5.300 |
Maldives | 41.728 | 29.713 | -12.015 |
Mali | 24.726 | 19.912 | -4.813 |
Malta | 40.915 | 35.644 | -5.270 |
Marshall Islands | 63.272 | 60.470 | -2.802 |
Mauritania | 25.554 | 24.419 | -1.134 |
Mauritius | 27.066 | 23.849 | -3.217 |
Mexico | 30.226 | 25.796 | -4.430 |
Micronesia | 66.429 | 68.025 | 1.596 |
Moldova | 36.778 | 33.520 | -3.258 |
Mongolia | 34.383 | 35.169 | 0.786 |
Montenegro | 42.670 | 38.088 | -4.582 |
Morocco | 31.047 | 25.933 | -5.114 |
Mozambique | 34.385 | 29.156 | -5.228 |
Myanmar | 18.439 | 13.246 | -5.193 |
Namibia | 37.312 | 30.055 | -7.257 |
Nauru | 129.806 | 155.904 | 26.098 |
Nepal | 26.778 | 23.477 | -3.302 |
Netherlands | 44.559 | 43.518 | -1.041 |
New Zealand | 43.170 | 38.989 | -4.180 |
Nicaragua | 29.015 | 27.039 | -1.976 |
Niger | 21.908 | 15.031 | -6.877 |
Nigeria | 14.270 | 8.789 | -5.481 |
North Macedonia | 34.864 | 30.428 | -4.436 |
Norway | 38.507 | 60.920 | 22.413 |
Oman | 29.045 | 35.364 | 6.319 |
Pakistan | 19.865 | 12.064 | -7.801 |
Palau | 52.007 | 41.880 | -10.127 |
Panama | 22.771 | 18.839 | -3.932 |
Papua New Guinea | 21.231 | 15.795 | -5.436 |
Paraguay | 24.669 | 20.180 | -4.488 |
Peru | 23.092 | 21.768 | -1.324 |
Philippines | 26.814 | 21.578 | -5.237 |
Poland | 44.107 | 40.999 | -3.108 |
Portugal | 45.696 | 43.750 | -1.946 |
Puerto Rico | 20.109 | 21.858 | 1.749 |
Qatar | 25.428 | 39.626 | 14.198 |
Romania | 36.751 | 30.985 | -5.765 |
Russia | 36.559 | 34.312 | -2.248 |
Rwanda | 31.741 | 25.216 | -6.525 |
Samoa | 33.140 | 38.513 | 5.373 |
San Marino | 24.570 | 22.015 | -2.554 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 23.760 | 31.876 | 8.115 |
Saudi Arabia | 28.059 | 30.570 | 2.511 |
Senegal | 26.873 | 20.744 | -6.129 |
Serbia | 43.526 | 43.377 | -0.148 |
Seychelles | 32.857 | 31.881 | -0.976 |
Sierra Leone | 30.221 | 19.316 | -10.905 |
Singapore | 15.412 | 15.853 | 0.441 |
Slovakia | 44.280 | 40.735 | -3.545 |
Slovenia | 46.340 | 43.086 | -3.255 |
Solomon Islands | 33.540 | 29.418 | -4.122 |
Somalia | 8.820 | 8.850 | 0.029 |
South Africa | 32.185 | 27.700 | -4.485 |
South Sudan | 28.904 | 29.796 | 0.892 |
Spain | 47.822 | 43.355 | -4.467 |
Sri Lanka | 18.881 | 8.494 | -10.386 |
St. Kitts and Nevis | 54.790 | 51.561 | -3.229 |
St. Lucia | 26.077 | 22.535 | -3.542 |
St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 35.175 | 27.619 | -7.556 |
Sudan | 12.211 | 10.065 | -2.146 |
Suriname | 31.561 | 28.039 | -3.521 |
Sweden | 46.793 | 47.463 | 0.670 |
Switzerland | 33.610 | 33.816 | 0.206 |
Syria | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Taiwan | 16.074 | 15.577 | -0.496 |
Tajikistan | 28.883 | 27.520 | -1.363 |
Tanzania | 18.253 | 14.974 | -3.280 |
Thailand | 25.583 | 20.058 | -5.525 |
Timor-Leste | 53.050 | 26.404 | -26.647 |
Togo | 25.159 | 17.818 | -7.341 |
Tonga | 45.946 | 45.235 | -0.711 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 28.962 | 29.310 | 0.348 |
Tunisia | 34.921 | 28.310 | -6.611 |
Turkey | 28.042 | 26.406 | -1.635 |
Turkmenistan | 10.037 | 10.903 | 0.865 |
Tuvalu | 112.354 | 123.626 | 11.272 |
Uganda | 20.710 | 14.932 | -5.778 |
Ukraine | 69.920 | 53.238 | -16.681 |
United Arab Emirates | 26.404 | 35.401 | 8.997 |
United Kingdom | 45.144 | 38.884 | -6.260 |
United States | 38.500 | 32.992 | -5.509 |
Uruguay | 29.466 | 26.920 | -2.546 |
Uzbekistan | 33.381 | 29.441 | -3.940 |
Vanuatu | 44.665 | 38.063 | -6.602 |
Venezuela | 11.985 | 5.964 | -6.022 |
Vietnam | 20.743 | 18.267 | -2.476 |
West Bank and Gaza | 28.507 | 27.566 | -0.941 |
Yemen | 12.732 | 10.940 | -1.792 |
Zambia | 28.689 | 20.828 | -7.862 |
Zimbabwe | 18.069 | 15.956 | -2.113 |
Development of government spending as percentage of GDP of different countries.
Country | 1850 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Algeria | 25.71 | 28.57 | 36.89 | 37.98 | |||||||||||||
Argentina | 8.56 | 8.04 | 7.73 | 8.25 | 8.92 | 4.62 | 9.40 | 8.80 | 11.20 | 11.30 | 12.05 | 15.17 | 10.99 | 28.21 | 38.76 | 41.64 | |
Australia | 2.66 | 7.69 | 5.47 | 7.07 | 12.22 | 21.83 | 25.32 | 33.21 | 36.10 | 35.63 | 37.16 | 44.98 | |||||
Austria | 11.36 | 13.45 | 15.59 | 17.33 | 19.80 | 36.36 | 36.29 | 39.54 | 50.01 | 51.51 | 51.94 | 52.53 | 57.90 | ||||
Bangladesh | 15.03 | 12.50 | 13.24 | 14.59 | 15.03 | ||||||||||||
Belgium | 4.80 | 6.18 | 8.74 | 9.90 | 10.78 | 19.09 | 22.85 | 23.75 | 42.66 | 54.89 | 52.31 | 49.08 | 52.94 | 60.80 | |||
Brazil | 24.19 | 25.70 | 15.50 | 13.00 | 12.52 | 11.21 | 10.81 | 8.70 | 13.71 | 11.40 | 6.80 | 35.29 | 40.40 | 42.73 | |||
Canada | 4.94 | 6.76 | 5.68 | 6.12 | 6.01 | 10.45 | 7.72 | 18.61 | 14.99 | 14.93 | 36.03 | 41.55 | 48.80 | 41.11 | 43.82 | 52.45 | |
Chile | 5.63 | 8.02 | 8.42 | 14.21 | 11.63 | 12.81 | 8.76 | 13.89 | 12.43 | 14.93 | 19.73 | 21.09 | 23.84 | 18.95 | 23.87 | 25.15 | 28.97 |
China | 20.98 | 17.05 | 22.67 | 36.98 | |||||||||||||
Colombia | 5.90 | 4.40 | 4.90 | 6.10 | 5.60 | 6.70 | 10.00 | 9.60 | 9.40 | 26.41 | 27.47 | 33.44 | |||||
Denmark | 8.82 | 6.87 | 5.96 | 6.45 | 7.21 | 6.90 | 12.19 | 10.05 | 16.42 | 24.39 | 52.66 | 55.41 | 53.67 | 58.47 | 55.08 | ||
Ethiopia | 13.20 | 20.40 | 25.78 | 18.63 | 14.47 | ||||||||||||
Finland | 6.17 | 6.80 | 11.73 | 15.26 | 19.75 | 48.95 | 23.88 | 22.47 | 21.85 | 40.15 | 48.15 | 48.26 | 55.11 | 56.72 | |||
France | 13.24 | 13.24 | 11.36 | 11.42 | 10.56 | 18.65 | 24.12 | 22.18 | 20.50 | 45.96 | 49.58 | 51.69 | 56.63 | 62.40 | |||
Germany | 10.31 | 16.32 | 17.85 | 19.47 | 16.34 | 27.17 | 22.94 | 39.46 | 48.23 | 44.73 | 45.10 | 47.87 | 51.09 | ||||
Ghana | 12.17 | 11.19 | 11.85 | 20.10 | 24.11 | 28.28 | |||||||||||
Greece | 23.55 | 25.70 | 19.75 | 19.65 | 26.00 | 27.09 | 19.95 | 25.17 | 27.66 | 45.21 | 47.12 | 50.24 | 58.19 | ||||
India | 6.26 | 7.34 | 6.87 | 7.18 | 5.96 | 6.43 | 5.54 | 5.33 | 5.31 | 11.23 | 11.72 | 17.48 | 27.23 | 26.99 | 27.32 | 30.98 | |
Indonesia | 14.42 | 13.80 | 22.09 | 15.84 | 16.64 | 18.27 | 18.23 | ||||||||||
Iran | 35.76 | 21.95 | 18.04 | 21.75 | 17.95 | ||||||||||||
Ireland | 19.52 | 25.90 | 29.14 | 44.13 | 53.71 | 42.81 | 31.18 | 65.05 | 28.71 | ||||||||
Israel | 18.79 | 30.38 | 41.55 | 69.40 | 46.79 | 51.40 | 45.43 | 46.40 | |||||||||
Italy | 9.85 | 11.10 | 14.35 | 12.58 | 13.89 | 18.79 | 14.16 | 38.11 | 17.28 | 16.49 | 32.32 | 40.79 | 52.86 | 45.86 | 50.28 | 57.25 | |
Japan | 0.86 | 0.78 | 1.01 | 3.12 | 1.93 | 2.89 | 3.99 | 15.86 | 18.35 | 20.25 | 33.45 | 30.05 | 37.28 | 39.83 | 46.67 | ||
Kenya | 22.94 | 20.53 | 30.14 | 25.70 | |||||||||||||
Korea, South | 17.88 | 17.50 | 16.77 | 15.15 | 17.95 | 21.21 | 25.63 | ||||||||||
Malaysia | 36.13 | 27.92 | 26.28 | 25.41 | |||||||||||||
Mexico | 4.71 | 3.65 | 4.11 | 5.98 | 7.39 | 8.78 | 9.50 | 10.94 | 17.54 | 16.57 | 21.11 | 26.28 | 29.12 | ||||
Morocco | 28.57 | 25.85 | 31.91 | 36.31 | |||||||||||||
Netherlands | 9.60 | 13.93 | 10.99 | 10.24 | 8.69 | 23.97 | 20.39 | 43.20 | 55.20 | 54.91 | 44.17 | 51.19 | 46.90 | ||||
Norway | 6.83 | 9.90 | 8.61 | 8.64 | 8.59 | 18.05 | 17.97 | 38.91 | 46.13 | 53.31 | 42.30 | 45.92 | 58.15 | ||||
Pakistan | 5.55 | 10.00 | 23.56 | 21.98 | 23.92 | 18.59 | 20.26 | 23.12 | |||||||||
Peru | 3.59 | 4.39 | 4.47 | 7.04 | 6.65 | 11.33 | 13.33 | 14.35 | 19.32 | 20.36 | 20.53 | 20.40 | 26.38 | ||||
Philippines | 7.23 | 10.08 | 10.45 | 13.42 | 18.00 | 18.67 | 16.88 | 25.11 | |||||||||
Poland | 21.64 | 39.20 | 25.83 | 41.08 | 45.37 | 48.95 | |||||||||||
Portugal | 6.74 | 8.03 | 6.98 | 7.55 | 12.12 | 7.87 | 10.31 | 9.81 | 14.25 | 15.52 | 32.36 | 38.50 | 41.13 | 51.35 | 48.12 | ||
Romania | 28.15 | 33.63 | 38.56 | 40.90 | 38.81 | ||||||||||||
Russia | 13.09 | 15.63 | 23.82 | 12.65 | 5.49 | 6.11 | 32.84 | 38.50 | 38.78 | ||||||||
South Africa | 18.53 | 18.77 | 28.31 | 19.25 | 16.65 | 20.05 | 21.84 | 28.70 | 25.86 | 32.99 | 40.11 | ||||||
Spain | 7.46 | 15.29 | 8.68 | 9.24 | 8.52 | 9.95 | 12.12 | 10.55 | 19.65 | 11.67 | 11.02 | 12.25 | 16.34 | 32.75 | 39.19 | 45.62 | 52.26 |
Sweden | 5.09 | 5.96 | 6.77 | 6.84 | 7.23 | 8.48 | 7.63 | 8.73 | 22.73 | 18.28 | 24.43 | 29.51 | 41.02 | 37.96 | 55.09 | 52.89 | 53.06 |
Switzerland | 4.03 | 4.15 | 4.29 | 18.14 | 8.58 | 7.11 | 25.75 | 29.93 | 30.30 | 35.10 | 34.17 | 36.26 | |||||
Taiwan | 24.84 | 28.69 | 25.60 | 22.13 | 19.04 | ||||||||||||
Thailand | 9.06 | 12.07 | 17.57 | 18.73 | 16.56 | 19.06 | 23.03 | 25.31 | |||||||||
Turkey | 15.15 | 15.57 | 22.69 | 25.46 | 14.07 | 37.71 | 35.55 | 34.63 | |||||||||
United Kingdom | 10.29 | 7.03 | 6.21 | 6.80 | 10.77 | 8.18 | 20.96 | 18.67 | 28.38 | 33.15 | 33.14 | 42.00 | 47.63 | 41.11 | 36.76 | 50.56 | 50.27 |
United States | 1.56 | 3.80 | 2.24 | 2.19 | 2.70 | 2.19 | 7.30 | 3.64 | 8.94 | 13.44 | 28.29 | 32.30 | 34.29 | 37.20 | 33.88 | 42.46 | 46.18 |
Venezuela | 8.58 | 10.47 | 14.17 | 16.00 | 23.67 | 19.48 | 21.97 | 31.93 | 28.29 | 36.95 | 10.93 | ||||||
1850 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 |
Europe:
United States: