In this article, we will explore Southern Cordilleran languages from different perspectives, analyzing its importance in various contexts and its impact on today's society. Southern Cordilleran languages is a topic/element/person that has captured the attention of different sectors, generating debate and reflection around its relevance today. Throughout this article, we will examine key aspects related to Southern Cordilleran languages, highlighting its influence in different areas and its future projection. Through a detailed and critical analysis, we will seek to delve into the complexity of Southern Cordilleran languages, providing the reader with a complete and multidimensional vision of the topic. Join us on this journey to discover the true essence of Southern Cordilleran languages and its impact on our contemporary society!
Southern Cordilleran | |
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Geographic distribution | northern Luzon |
Linguistic classification | Austronesian
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Glottolog | sout2907 |
The Southern Cordilleran languages are a group of closely related languages within the Northern Luzon subgroup of the Austronesian language family. They are spoken in an area stretching from the southern shore of Lingayen Gulf to the highlands of Quirino province. The most widely spoken Southern Cordilleran language is Pangasinan, one of the eight major languages of the Philippines.
The subgroup was first proposed by Zorc (1979). Himes (1998) classifies the Southern Cordilleran languages as follows:
Proto-Southern Cordilleran | |
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Reconstruction of | Southern Cordilleran languages |
Reconstructed ancestors |
Proto-Southern Cordilleran has been reconstructed by Himes (1998).
Front | Central | Back | |
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Close | *i | *ɨ | *u |
Open | *a |
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
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Stop | voiceless | *p | *t | *k | *ʔ | |
voiced | *b | *d | *g | |||
Fricative | *s | |||||
Nasal | *m | *n | *ŋ | |||
Lateral | *l | |||||
Approximant | *w | *y |
The comparison table (taken from Himes (1998) and Zorc (1979)) illustrates the correspondences between the Southern Cordilleran languages, including inherited vocabulary as well as Southern Cordilleran innovations.
Words inherited from Proto-Austronesian (PAn) | |||||||
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Ilongot | Pangasinan | Ibaloi | PSC | PAn | Meaning | ||
ma:go | a:gɨw | ʔágɨw | *ʔa:gɨw | *qaləjaw | 'day' | ||
dɨ:nom | danúm | čánom | *dánum | *daNum | 'water' | ||
Southern Cordilleran innovations | |||||||
Ilongot | Pangasinan | Ibaloi | PSC | PAn | Meaning | ||
ʔa:gɨt | agát | ʔagát | *ʔágat | (*laqia) | 'ginger' | ||
bɨsik | batík | bɨtík | *bɨtík | (*laRiw) | 'run' | ||
tɨɣí | salí | sɨdí | *sɨlí | (*qaqay) | 'foot' | ||
-to | -tu | -to | *-tu | (*nia) | 'his/her' | ||
kɨyó | kiyɨ́w | kiyɨ́w | *kɨyɨ́w | (*kaSiw) | 'tree' | ||
tóʔo | tuʔú | túʔu | *túʔu | (*Cau) | 'person' | ||