On Leong Chinese Merchants Association
In today's world, On Leong Chinese Merchants Association is a topic that arouses growing interest among a wide spectrum of the population. Since its emergence, On Leong Chinese Merchants Association has generated conflicting opinions and debate regarding its impact on society. With the passage of time, this topic has acquired increasing relevance, influencing different aspects of daily life and the development of various areas of knowledge. This is why it is essential to analyze in depth the different aspects related to On Leong Chinese Merchants Association, in order to understand its scope and the implications it has for individuals, communities and the world in general. In this article, we will explore different perspectives and approaches on On Leong Chinese Merchants Association, with the aim of providing a complete and enriching vision of its importance today.
| On Leong Chinese Merchants Association | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 安良工商會 | ||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 安良工商会 | ||||||||||
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The On Leong Chinese Merchants Association (traditional Chinese: 安良工商會; simplified Chinese: 安良工商会; Jyutping: on1 loeng4 gung1 soeng1 wui2), or simply Chinese Merchants Association, formerly known as the On Leong Tong (Chinese: 安良堂; pinyin: Ānliáng Táng; lit. 'Peaceful and Good Hall'), is a tong society operating out of its territory at the intersection of Canal Street and Mott Street in Chinatown, Manhattan (曼哈頓華埠). Established in November 1893, the tong fought a violent war for control of Chinatown's rackets and businesses with the Hip Sing Tong. In recent years, the Tong has been linked to the Ghost Shadows street gang led by Wing Yeung Chan. Currently, there are over 30,000 registered On Leong members, the majority of whom have a commercial or industrial background.
References
- ^ "On Leong background information in Hong Men Zhi Gong website. (in Simplified Chinese)". Archived from the original on 2008-06-19. Retrieved 2009-01-15.
Further reading
- Denny Lee, Years of the Dragons Information on the history of Ghost Shadows, New York Times, May 11, 2003.
- MacIllwain, Jeffrey Scott. Organizing Crime in Chinatown: race and racketeering in New York City, 1890-1910. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2004. ISBN 0-7864-1626-2