In this article we will explore the topic of Nam language and its impact on today's society. For years, Nam language has been the object of study and interest due to its relevance in various areas, both on a personal and professional level. Throughout history, Nam language has played a fundamental role in the evolution of humanity, influencing individuals, communities and cultures around the world. From its origins to its current situation, Nam language has generated debates, research and reflections that have contributed to expanding our understanding of this topic. In this sense, it is essential to critically analyze the importance of Nam language today and how its presence continues to shape the way we interact and function in today's society.
Nam | |
---|---|
Region | Central Asia |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | None (mis ) |
Glottolog | namm1235 |
Nam is an unclassified extinct language preserved in Tibetan transcriptions in a number of Dunhuang manuscript fragments. The manuscript fragments are held at the British Library and the Bibliothèque nationale de France.
According to Ikeda Takumi, the research of F. W. Thomas, published in 1948, concluded that Nam "was one of the old Qiang spoken around the Nam mountain range near Koko nor in Qinghai province", associated with a country called Nam tig which is mentioned in some historical records. However, Ikeda further states that Thomas' conclusions were widely criticized.
Glottolog accepts that it was at least Sino-Tibetan.
Wen (1981: 18–19) lists the following basic vocabulary items, which have been taken from Thomas (1948: 399–451).
No. | Chinese gloss | English gloss | Nam |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 天 | sky | mo, nam |
2 | 云 | cloud | gmog, mog, mog |
3 | 日 | sun | gnyi |
4 | 月 | moon | ’la, la |
5 | 火 | fire | sme/’me, ’me’i, me, ’mye, ye |
6 | 水 | water | ’ldya, ’ldya |
7 | 山 | mountain | ’ri, gri, gri’i, ’ri’i |
8 | 石 | stone | ’rto, rto |
9 | 虎 | tiger | cho |
10 | 熊 | bear (animal) | gre |
11 | 牦牛 | yak | ’brong |
12 | 马 | horse | rta, rta’, ’rta, ’rta’ |
13 | 驴 | donkey | gzu, ’ju , ’zu, ’dzu, ’ju’u’gduz |
14 | 狗 | dog | ’kyi |
15 | 猪 | pig | ’phag |
16 | 头 | head | ’bu, ’ko |
17 | 眼 | eye | ’me’i, méi, mye |
18 | 齿 | tooth | swa |
19 | 手 | hand | ’phyag |
20 | 心 | heart | syning, snyang |
21 | 盲 | blind | klu |
22 | 死 | dead | ’shi, shi (gshi, bshi) |
23 | 箭 | arrow | ’da’, ’lda’? |
24 | 门 | door | rgo, ’go, ’ko(rgor) |
25 | 大 | big | rbo, bo-bon, rbom, ’bom, ’rbom |
26 | 小 | small | byi, hbyi |
27 | 高 | high | shid, ’shid, tho, ’tho, stang, ’stang |